Butternut (Juglans cinerea)

Butternuts are an essential addition to food forests and ecological systems due to their adaptability, productive nut yields, and ecological contributions. As the hardiest walnut species, they are ideal for northern climates and marginal lands. Their sweet nuts support both human and wildlife food systems, while their timber adds economic value. Oh and you can of course tap them for syrup! By planting Butternuts, growers contribute to the preservation of a threatened species and enhance the resilience of their landscapes through increased biodiversity and reliable productivity.

Butternuts grow with a wide-spreading, open crown and deeply furrowed bark. Their compound leaves create dappled shade, supporting diverse understory plants. In early spring, the tree produces greenish flowers, followed by clusters of oblong nuts that mature in autumn. While relatively slow-growing, the tree develops into a long-lived and majestic canopy, providing shade, food, and timber over its lifetime.

Size at Maturity- Canopy Layer. Grows to 40-60 feet tall with a spread of 35-50 feet

Current Size- Large 1'-2' 1 year old seedling

The Butternut is a vital part of North America’s ecological and agricultural history, producing sweet nuts highly prized by Indigenous peoples, settlers, and wildlife. This species is currently endangered due to a fungal canker, making preservation efforts critical. Butternut timber is valuable for its light color and workability, used in cabinetry and fine woodwork. Its nuts are a rich source of energy and flavor, often used in traditional baking. Giant masting years make this tree a reliable producer for food forests, while its hardiness ensures survival in northern climates.